Intermolecular forces
Chemistry · Unit 2 — Molecular interactions and reactions · Intermolecular forces and gases
Learning objectives (14)
LO-13D models of linear, bent, trigonal planar, tetrahedral and pyramidal molecules.* *Note: Simulations may be used.LO-2Analyse data to determine the relationships between pressure, temperature, and volume of a gas. Chem istry 2025 v1.3LO-3Analyse paper and thin layer (TLC) chromatographs to determine the composition and purity of substances, including calculating RF values. GasesLO-4Apply the ideal gas equation to calculate the mass of chemicals and/or the volume of a gas (STP) involved in a chemical reaction. (Formula: PV = nRT)LO-5Apply the kinetic theory of gases to explain the relationships between pressure, temperature, and volume of a gas.LO-6Apply the valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory to determine the shape and bond angles of linear, bent, trigonal planar, tetrahedral and pyramidal molecules. (Hybridization involving d-orbitals are not required.)LO-7Boyle’s law or the molar volume of a gasLO-8Determine the polarity of molecules using molecular shape, understanding of symmetry, and comparison of the electronegativity of elements.LO-9Explain how variations in the strength of the interactions between atoms, molecules or ions in the mobile and stationary phases can be used to separate components.LO-10Explain the relationship between vapour pressure, melting point, boiling point and solubility, and the nature and strength of intermolecular forces (e.g. dispersion forces, dipole-dipole attractions, and hydrogen bonding) within molecular covalent substances. Chromatography techniquesLO-11Identify that paper and thin layer chromatography can be used to determine the composition and purity of substances.LO-12Identify that the kinetic theory of gases applies to ideal gases.LO-13State the relationship between the volume of a gas, number of moles and molar volume at standard temperature and pressure (STP).LO-14the separation of a mixture using paper or thin layer chromatography* (TLC)
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