Explain that electrochemical cells, including galvanic and electrolytic cells, consist of oxidation and reduction half-reactions connected via an external circuit that allows electrons to move from the anode (oxidation reaction) to the cathode (reduction reaction).

An electrolytic cell is constructed using molten sodium chloride with inert electrodes connected to a direct current power supply. Explain which statement correctly describes the electron movement and electrode reactions in this cell.

Identify the electrode where oxidation occurs in the galvanic cell shown, and state the direction of electron flow through the external circuit.