Solve practical problems involving latitude, longitude, angular distance and distance.

Two weather stations, Fairview and Greenhill, lie on the parallel of latitude \(28^\circ\) S. Fairview is at longitude \(142^\circ\) E and Greenhill is at longitude \(151^\circ\) E. The radius of Earth at this latitude is \(5{,}580\) km. Which option shows the distance along the parallel between the two stations, correct to the nearest kilometre?

A cargo ship departs from Port A, located at 22° 18′ S, 118° 42′ E, and travels due east along the parallel of latitude to Port B. The sun rises at Port B exactly 2 hours and 36 minutes earlier than at Port A. What are the coordinates of Port B?

A research vessel departs from Port A at 18° 24′ S, 139° 52′ E. The vessel sails due east along the same parallel of latitude. At noon, the sun is directly overhead at a location 2 hours and 36 minutes ahead of Port A's local solar time. What are the coordinates of the vessel at noon?