Explain how transformers work in terms of Faraday’s Law and electromagnetic induction.

Explain how a step-down transformer reduces voltage in terms of Faraday's Law.

A step-down transformer is connected to a \ (240\,\text{V}\) AC supply. The primary coil has \ (1{,}200\) turns and the secondary coil has \ (300\) turns. The iron core links both coils. Which of the following best explains why an alternating voltage is induced in the secondary coil?

A step-down transformer has 2,400 turns on the primary coil and 600 turns on the secondary coil. An alternating current of 2.0 A flows through the primary coil. Explain how this transformer produces a voltage in the secondary coil when there is no physical connection between the two coils.

A step-down transformer is used in a mobile phone charger to reduce the mains voltage from 240 V AC to 5.0 V AC. The transformer has 1,200 turns on the primary coil and 25 turns on the secondary coil. During operation, the primary coil draws a current of 0.050 A, and the secondary coil delivers 2.0 A to the charging circuit. The transformer core is made of laminated iron. Explain how this transformer operates in terms of Faraday's Law and electromagnetic induction.