Specialist Mathematics · Unit 1 · Combinatorics · Introduction to counting techniques

Use the addition principle.

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Use the inclusion-exclusion principle formulas to determine the number of elements in the union of two and the union of three sets. |A ∪ B| = |A| + |B| − |A ∩ B|] |A ∪ B ∪ C| = |A| + |B| + |C| − |A ∩ B| − |A ∩ C| − |B ∩ C| + |A ∩ B ∩ C|

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