Understand the difference between a scalar and a vector including distance and displacement, speed and velocity, and magnitude of force and force.

A drone flies from point P at coordinates (2, 3, 5) metres to point Q at coordinates (8, -1, 9) metres, then continues to point R at coordinates (3, 4, 1) metres. (a) Determine the displacement vector from P to R. (1 mark) (b) Calculate the total distance travelled by the drone. (1 mark) (c) Determine the magnitude of the displacement from P to R. (1 mark)

A person walks 8 m north, then 6 m east. What is the total distance travelled?

A cyclist travels along a straight coastal road. The table below shows the cyclist's position (measured from a fixed point) at regular 10-minute intervals. (a) Calculate the cyclist's displacement (in km) over the entire 40-minute journey. (1 mark) (b) Calculate the cyclist's total distance travelled (in km) over the entire 40-minute journey. (1 mark) (c) Calculate the average speed (in km/h) for the journey. (1 mark) (d) Explain why average speed is a scalar quantity, referring to what information it does and does not provide about the cyclist's motion. (1 mark)