Specialist Mathematics · Unit 2 · Complex arithmetic and algebra · Complex arithmetic using polar form
Sketch and use complex numbers in polar form as polar coordinates. Specialist Mathematics 2025 v1.4
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Express a complex number in Cartesian form 𝑧 = 𝑎 + 𝑏𝑖 and polar form. 𝑧 = 𝑟 (cos(𝜃) + 𝑖 sin(𝜃)) or 𝑧 = 𝑟 cis(𝜃)
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Understand and use multiplication, division of complex numbers in polar form and the geometric interpretation of these. 𝑧1 𝑧2 = 𝑟1 𝑟2 cis(𝜃1 + 𝜃2) 𝑧1 𝑧2 = 𝑟 1 𝑟 2 cis(𝜃1 − 𝜃2)