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Specialist Mathematics · Unit 3 · Further matrices · Matrix algebra and systems of equations

Examine the three cases for solutions of systems of equations — a unique solution, no solution and infinitely many solutions — and the geometric interpretation of a solution of a system of equations with three variables including a unique solution no solution infinitely many solutions

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Question 1

A system of three linear equations in three variables is reduced to row echelon form, producing the augmented matrix shown. Which geometric object best represents the solution set of this system?

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Question 2

Consider the system of three linear equations: \(x + 2y - z = 4\) \(2x + 4y - 2z = 8\) \(3x + 6y - 3z = k\) For what value of \(k\) does this system have infinitely many solutions? Explain the geometric interpretation of this result.

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Question 3

Three planes in three-dimensional space are defined by the equations x + y + z = 6, 2x + 2y + 2z = 8, and x - y + z = 2. Determine the nature of the solution to this system of equations.

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Question 4

Consider the system of three linear equations: x + 2y - z = 4 2x + 4y - 2z = 8 3x + 6y - 3z = 10 Determine whether this system has a unique solution, no solution, or infinitely many solutions. Justify your answer by describing the geometric interpretation of the system.

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Question 5

A system of three linear equations in three variables is given by: 2x - y + 3z = 7 x + 2y - z = k 5x + py + 5z = 21 where k and p are parameters. (a) Use Gaussian elimination to determine the value of p for which the system has either no solution or infinitely many solutions. (3 marks) (b) For the value of p found in part (a), determine the value of k for which the system has infinitely many solutions. (1 mark) (c) When the system has infinitely many solutions with the values found in parts (a) and (b), state whether the three planes intersect in a line or coincide as a single plane. (1 mark)

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