Analyse volumetric data, including solubility, conductometric and acid-base titration curves, to determine moles, mass, volume and concentration.

A conductometric titration was performed by adding 0.10 M sodium hydroxide solution to 25.0 mL of 0.10 M hydrochloric acid. Determine the volume of sodium hydroxide required to reach the equivalence point and identify the ionic species responsible for the increase in conductivity after the equivalence point.

A student conducts a conductometric titration of \(25.0\) mL of \(0.100\) mol L\(^{-1}\) hydrochloric acid (HCl) with \(0.100\) mol L\(^{-1}\) sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The conductivity is measured continuously. Which of the following graphs best represents the conductivity versus volume of NaOH added?

A student performed a conductometric titration by adding \(0.10\) M sodium hydroxide solution to \(25.0\) mL of hydrochloric acid. The conductivity decreased linearly until \(20.0\) mL of NaOH had been added, then increased linearly thereafter. Analyse the data to determine the concentration of the hydrochloric acid.