Question 1
The diagram shows a sealed container of gas being heated. Which statement best explains the temperature change observed in the system?
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Physics · Unit 1 · Heating processes · Kinetic particle model and specific heat capacity
Explain that a change in temperature is due to the addition or removal of energy from a system (without phase change).
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Question 2
Two identical metal blocks are placed in thermal contact. Block A has an initial temperature of 80°C and block B has an initial temperature of 20°C. After thermal equilibrium is reached, both blocks have a temperature of 50°C. What key feature explains the temperature change in both blocks?
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Question 3
A sealed, insulated container holds \(2.5\) kg of water at an initial temperature of \(20^\circ\)C. An electric heating element transfers \(420{,}000\) J of energy to the water over a period of several minutes. The water remains in liquid phase throughout the process. Explain how the transfer of energy from the heating element causes the temperature of the water to increase, making reference to the molecular behaviour of the water and the concept of internal energy.
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More in Kinetic particle model and specific heat capacity
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Explain how energy transfers and transformations in mechanical systems always result in some heat loss to the environment, so that the amount of useable energy is reduced.
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Explain that the change in the internal energy of a system is equal to the energy added or removed by heating plus the work done on or by the system, and recognise this as the first law of thermodynamics and that this is a consequence of the law of conservation of energy.