Kinetic particle model and specific heat capacity
Physics · Unit 1 — Thermal, nuclear and electrical physics · Heating processes
Learning objectives (20)
LO-1Describe the concept of efficiency.LO-2Describe the concept of specific heat capacity.LO-3Describe the concept of specific latent heat.LO-4Describe the concept of thermal equilibrium in terms of the temperature and average kine tic energy of the particles in each of the systems.LO-5Describe the concepts of thermal energy, temperature, kinetic energy, heat and internal energy.LO-6Describe the kinetic particle model of matter.LO-7Explain heat transfers in terms of conduction, convection and radiation.LO-8Explain how a system with thermal energy has the capacity to do mechanical work.LO-9Explain how energy transfers and transformations in mechanical systems always result in some heat loss to the environment, so that the amount of useable energy is reduced.LO-10Explain that a change in temperature is due to the addition or removal of energy from a system (without phase change).LO-11Explain that the change in the internal energy of a system is equal to the energy added or removed by heating plus the work done on or by the system, and recognise this as the first law of thermodynamics and that this is a consequence of the law of conservation of energy.LO-12Explain the process in which thermal energy is transferred between two systems until thermal equilibrium is achieved, and recognise the relevance of this to the laws of thermodynamics.LO-13Explain, in terms of the internal energy of a system and the kinetic particle model of matter, why the temperature of a system remains the same during the process of state change.LO-14Interpret data from specific heat capacity experiments. Phase changes and energy conservationLO-15Solve problems involving specific heat capacity using 𝑄 = 𝑚𝑐∆𝑇 (using but not limited to 𝑐𝑖 = 2.05 × 103 J kg−1 K−1, 𝑐𝑠 = 2.00 × 103 J kg−1 K−1 and 𝑐𝑤 = 4.18 × 103 J kg−1 K−1.LO-16Solve problems involving specific heat capacity, specific latent heat and thermal equilibrium.LO-17Solve problems involving specific latent heat using 𝑄 = 𝑚𝐿.LO-18Solve problems involving the efficiency of heat transfers using Δ𝑈 = 𝑄 + 𝑊 and 𝜂 = energy output energy input × 100 1 %.LO-19Use digital and other measuring devices to collect data, ensuring measurements are recorded using the correct symbol, SI unit, number of significant figures and associated measure ment uncertainty (absolute and percentage); all experimental measurements should be recorded in this way.LO-20Use 𝑇𝐾 = 𝑇𝐶 + 273 to convert temperature measurements.
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