Solve problems involving specific heat capacity using 𝑄 = 𝑚𝑐∆𝑇 (using but not limited to 𝑐𝑖 = 2.05 × 103 J kg−1 K−1, 𝑐𝑠 = 2.00 × 103 J kg−1 K−1 and 𝑐𝑤 = 4.18 × 103 J kg−1 K−1.

A 0.50 kg block of ice at −15°C is heated until its temperature reaches −5.0°C. How much thermal energy is absorbed by the ice?

A student conducts an experiment to identify an unknown metal. A 0.400 kg sample of the metal is heated to 100.0 °C and then transferred into an insulated container holding 0.800 kg of water initially at 18.0 °C. After thermal equilibrium is reached, the final temperature of the system is 22.5 °C. The table shows the specific heat capacities of three candidate metals. Determine which metal is most likely to be the unknown sample.

A thermal energy storage system contains \(3.50\) kg of water initially at \(22.0\,^\circ\text{C}\). An electric heating element transfers \(5.84 \times 10^5\) J of energy to the water. Calculate the final temperature of the water in degrees Celsius. Show your working.

The diagram shows the temperature change over time for three different 500 g samples (ice, steam, and water) as they each absorb thermal energy at a constant rate of 2,000 J s⁻¹. What conclusion can be drawn from comparing the initial rate of temperature increase for all three samples?