Solve problems involving the reflection of light on single plane mirrors and refraction of light through a single convex or concave lens using ray diagrams to identify the location, orientation and size of an image.

A student constructs a ray diagram for a convex lens with focal length 6.0 cm. An object is placed 4.0 cm from the lens on the principal axis. Based on the ray diagram rules for a convex lens, what key feature differentiates the image formed in this scenario from an image formed when the object is placed beyond the focal length?

A concave lens with a focal length of $f = -15$ cm is placed $30$ cm from an object. Using the lens equation and your knowledge of image formation, determine: (a) the image distance, (b) the magnification of the image, and (c) describe the characteristics of the image formed.

A 3.5 cm tall object is placed 18.0 cm in front of a convex lens with a focal length of 12.0 cm. Determine the image distance and the height of the image formed by the lens. Show your working.

A photographer uses a convex lens with a focal length of 85 mm to capture an image of a subject. Refer to Table 1 below, which shows data from three trial positions. For Trial 2, calculate the image distance and determine whether the image is real or virtual. Show your working.