Describe polarisation using a transverse wave model.

A student investigates polarisation by passing unpolarised light through two polarising filters. The first filter (polariser) is held fixed vertically. The second filter (analyser) can be rotated through 360°. The student records the transmitted light intensity at different analyser angles relative to the polariser: • 0°: maximum intensity • 45°: moderate intensity • 90°: zero intensity • 135°: moderate intensity • 180°: maximum intensity Using a transverse wave model, describe how polarisation accounts for the pattern of transmitted intensities observed.

Light from a lamp passes through two polarising filters arranged as shown in the diagram. When the second filter is rotated through 90°, the intensity of light transmitted through both filters decreases to zero. Describe how the transverse wave model explains this observation.

Which option describes a feature of polarised light that is explained by the transverse wave model?

A rope is threaded through a vertical fence with narrow gaps between the boards. A student sends a transverse wave pulse along the rope by flicking the free end up and down. Describe the effect of the fence on the wave pulse.